Ntiamoa-Baidu Y. (1993) Trends in the use of Ghanaian coastal wetlands by migrating Knots Calidris canutus. ARDEA 81 (2): 71-79

Data are presented on the distribution, population fluctuations and morphometrics of Knots in Ghana. On the basis of bill length (adults, 34.61 mm; juveniles, 34.22 mm) and wing length (adults, 170.68 mm; juveniles 164.39 mm), it is concluded that the Knots occurring in Ghana comprise populations of the subspecies Calidris canutus canutus. The Songaw and Keta lagoons are the most important sites for Knots on the Ghana coast. Arrival of Knots in Ghana begins in late August and the major influx occurs in September. The pattern of occurrence showed a delay in the timing of the autumn peak and a decline in the number of Knots staging on the Ghana coast during the autumn migration in successive years; and a shift in the use of the Ghana coast from autumn to spring. The high body masses of some of the Knots caught early in the autumn (140-192 g) suggest onward movement. The importance of the Ghana coast in the annual cycle of Knots lies in its function as a staging site, where Knots migrating between their breeding grounds in Siberia and wintering grounds in southern Africa replenish their energy reserves.